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EC6703-Embedded and Real Time Systems What are the basic sources of CMOS power consumption?
Why microprocessor is used in embedded system?
Outline the challenges in embedded computing system design.
Mention the reasons that makes embedded computing machines design difficult.
Interpret in what ways Interrupts differ from exceptions?
Summarize the challenges in embedded computing system design.
State the major goals of embedded system design.
List the functions of ARM processor in supervisory mode.
Assess the characteristics of embedded computing.
Differentiate between the Harvard & Von-Neumann architecture.
Conclude the significance of ARM Processor compared to other processors.
Enumerate the functions of ARM processor in supervisor mode.
Determine the average memory access time of a machine whose hit rate is
Identify the various issues in real time computing.
Evaluate the purpose of current program status register (CPSR) and Z-bit.
How traps are handled in ARM Processor?
Analyze the term procedure linkage.
Demonstrate the key parameters of CISC and RISC.
Frame the parameters used to evaluate the CPU performance.
Describe the functions of Co-Processor.
(i)What are the factors to be considered while designing an Embedded System Process?
(ii) State the importance of Structural and Behavioral description in detail.(i)Analyse in detail about the challenges in embedded computing system design.
(ii)Find out how characters are copied from input to output using interrupts and buffers with the help of a program segment.(i) Examine in detail about the architecture of ARM processor.
ii)List the various blocks of an Embedded System in detail.i) Mention the requirements for designing a GPS moving map in embedded system design process.
ii) Write down the major operations and data flows of a GPS moving map and draw its Architecture.(i) Evaluate the concepts of Write through and Write back policy used in Cache(
(ii) Determine various instruction set preliminaries of ARM Processor.(i)Explain in detail the characteristics of embedded computing applications.
(ii) Conclude about supervisor mode, exception and traps in detail.(i)Explain about caches and memory management units.
(ii) Analyse the concept of Pipelining.(i) Analyse the data operations of an ARM processor.
(ii)Explain the two styles of address translation used in ARM Processor.(i) Explain the functions of ARM processor instructions?
(ii)Summarize the operation of Coprocessor used with ARM processor.i) How CPU performance is affected? Explain them with suitable examples.
ii) Describe the different factors involved in embedded system design process.i) Examine the processor and memory organization of ARM processor.
ii)Illustrate the advanced features of ARM Processor and explain i) Design in detail a Model Train Controller with suitable diagrams.
ii) Formulate design steps of Model Train Controller in detail.i) Describe the performance of embedded computing systems.
ii) Outline about the special functions of VLIW processors.i) Point out the special features of CPU power consumption.
ii) Demonstrate CPU Power consumption with the help of real time application Develop the requirement, specification and state diagram of a model train controller with necessary illustrations.
i)Summarize the function of ARM processor instructions.
ii) Implement the C switch statement in ARM.i)Summarize the three mechanisms by which a CMOS Microprocessor consumes power.
ii) Explain the various power saving strategies used in CMOS CPU.i)How memory management is done for an embedded system processor in order to manage multiple programs in a single physical memory?
ii)How do you return from an ARM procedure Name the basic building block of most bus protocol?
Evaluate the importance of registers used in the DMA controller.
What do you mean by Control Bus in CPU?
Describe about CPU buses.
List the memory devices used in the design of embedded system.
Mention the different types of data transfer in USB.
Develop the important stages of DMA.
Explain how power can be optimized at the program level?
Mention the various compilation techniques.
What does a linker do?
Find the limitation of polling techniques.
Illustrate the need of symbol table in Assemblers.
Summarize the two ways used for performing input and output operations
Discuss about Busy Wait I/O Concept in polling.
Differentiate compiler and cross compiler.
State the difference between program location counter and program counter.
Interpret the importance of Boot-block flash.
Outline the significance of CDFG.
Construct a Data Flow Graph and Control/ Data Flow Graph (CDFG) with an
Design a Data Flow Graph for the block shown below:
i) Explain the various components and programming models used for developing embedded programs.
ii) Examine the embedded system design with computing platform in consumer electronics.Describe about the basic types of memory components that are commonly used in embedded systems.
i)List two factors which may be the cause for delay in peripheral interface
ii) Briefly explain with neat diagrams on how DMA based processor can remove delay for higher speed process.i) Discuss how component interfacing is done in embedded system in detail.
ii) Outline the development environment of an embedded system with suitable diagram?Explain energy, power and program size optimization in detail.
(i)Evaluate how Logic analyzer, In circuit Emulator and Co simulator are used as debugging tools with examples.
i) What do you mean by memory system interface with CPU? Explain with examples.
ii)Outline& explain about system bus configuration and bus protocol.(i)Write about Basic compilation techniques.
(ii) Point out the various compiler optimization techniques.(i) Examine on the memory management & mapping techniques that enhance the efficiency of the processor.
(ii) Compare and contrast the debugging techniques used in embedded system (i)Describe need for ICE, JTAG for embedded system development.
(ii)Summarize the advantage of vectored addressing of stack?i) Demonstrate the different Model of Programs in detail.
ii) Illustrate the characteristics of decision nodes and data flow nodes.With a neat sketch explain the implementation of microprocessor/microcontroller based electronic voting machine also give the method of testing the system. Assume all other required relevant details.
(i)Illustrate with necessary diagrams about the design pattern, loop transformation and scheduling.
(ii) Frame the key features of clear box testing.i) Discuss the various components and models used for developing embedded programs.
ii) With necessary illustrations elaborate about platform level performance analysis.i) Explain the various debugging techniques in the development of embedded system.
ii) Assess in detail the optimization of energy and power of an embedded system.i) Summarize in detail about the testing process involved in developing an embedded system.
ii) Describe with necessary diagrams how embedded system is useful in competing with computing platform.Elaborate in detail about the fundamental model used for program development.
Define task and process in RTOS.
Compare between a process and thread.
Differentiate between initiation time and completion time
Summarize the essential criteria’s of rate monolithic scheduling.
Explain priority inversion briefly.
Recognize the term time quantum?
Outline the various scheduling states of a process.
Investigate the organization of scheduling policy.
How to compute the CPU utilization of the system.
What is Semaphore?
Enumerate the priority inversion?
Evaluate the communication among processes which runs at different rates.
List the advantages and limitations of Priority based process scheduling.
Analyze the multi-processing systems.
Determine the important characteristics of Multitasking.
Design a hard real-time operating system with an example.
Identify the principle of multi rate embedded system by quoting three examples
Give examples of blocking and Non-blocking inter process communication
State the major function of POSIX RTOS?
Frame the two different styles used for inter process communication.
i) Outline about priority based scheduling in detail.
ii) With the help of an example, explain that the knowledge of data dependencies can help to use the CPU more efficiently.i) Discuss in detail multitasking and multiprocessing.
ii) Illustrate process state and scheduling.i) Summarize the pre emptive real time operating systems in detail.
ii) Analyze the special characteristics of Processes and Internet with the help of a suitable diagrams.i) Compare RMS versus EDF.
ii) Explain about Windows CE with a neat diagram.Infer in detail about the inter process communication mechanism (i) Shared Memory communication (ii) Message passing
(iii)Signals (iv)Mailboxes i)Enumerate the context switch mechanism for moving the CPU from one executing process to another
ii) State how the Kernel determines the order of the processes which has to be executed.i) Evaluate operating system performance.
ii) Compare the principle, merits and limitations of inter-process communication mechanisms.i) Demonstrate in detail about power optimization strategies for CPU operation.
ii) Identify how the Predictive shut down technique proved itself as more sophisticated.(i)Enumerate why an automobile engine requires multi rate control
(ii) Recall the performance of the Earliest – Deadline – First scheduling with other scheduling algorithms with suitable example.(i) Describe the real time operating system called POSIX in detail.
(ii) Write short notes on power optimization strategies in embedded system (i) Predict the services of operating system in handling multiple tasks and multiple processes.
ii) Identify the features of preemptive execution with the help of a sequence diagram.i) Investigate this statement with the help of an example. The timing requirements on a set of process can strongly influence the type of appropriate scheduling. Write about a critical section using semaphores in operating system?
i)Develop an approach for cooperative multitasking in the PIC16F with the help of a program. What would happen if we put the tasks into Time Handler?
ii) Manipulate about CPU usage metrics.i) Mention in detail about Shared Resources.
ii)Explain briefly about the ARM atomic read/write operation with the help of an example Discuss about the features and services of windows CE real time operating system Find the solution for the fundamental problems by pre-emptive real time operating system
Evaluate the performance of Operating System? Explain
Explain in detail how shared memory and message passing mechanisms are used for interprocess communication.
Design a Multirate systems? With example and its necessary conditions.
List out some of the verification requirements and specifications related to design flow.
What is a distributed embedded architecture?
Assess the 2 different approaches for designing an embedded system?
State the advantages of network based design.
Evaluate the issues in hardware and software design for an embedded system.
Describe the merits of embedded distributed architecture?
Illustrate the main stages of a design flow of an Embedded System.
Define I2C bus.
Outline the special characteristics of a CRC card
Mention the networks for distributed embedded systems.
Distinguish multistage network from direct network.
Determine the use of exponential back off technique.
Examine the term message delay.
Discriminate single hop network from multi hop network.
Formulate various design methodologies.
Draw the block diagram of Distributed embedded systems
Summarize the issues in hardware and software design for an embedded system.
Explain the advantages of hardware implementations.
Construct the specifications of a good requirement analysis.
Write about shared memory multiprocessor?
Explain the concepts of Multiprocessor System-On-Chip (MPSoC) and Shared memory Multiprocessor are used in embedded applications.
i) Examine the design methodology of an embedded computing system in detail
ii) Analyze the features of SDL Specification language with suitable diagrams.
i) Give the examples of the component networks in a federated network for an automobile.
ii) Summarize a problem that led to the loss of Unmanned Martian space probe.Discuss in detail about i) CAN Bus.
ii) I2C Bus.i) Enumerate about Internet enabled Systems in detail.
ii)Mention the requirements needed to design an embedded system and how to determine them i) With a neat diagram, describe the typical bus transactions on the I2C Protocol.
ii) Discuss the role of distributed embedded architecture available for embedded systems.Illustrate in detail about i) Characteristics of distributed embedded System.
ii)Architecture of Distributed Embedded System with neat sketches.(i)State in detail about heterogeneous multiprocessors.
(ii) List out the characteristics of high performance embedded platforms which act as heterogeneous multiprocessors.i)Identify the operation of Ethernet enabled system. With a suitable example.
ii)Illustrate scheduling and allocation in an accelerated embedded system with the help of suitable diagrams.i) Demonstrate the single threaded and multithreaded control of an accelerator in the embedded system design.
ii) Examine the cache problem in a system involving an accelerator and suggest a method to overcome it.Describe the following i) The key features of Accelerated based embedded system.
ii) Characteristics of network based Embedded Systems in detail.i) Justify how Poor Specifications can lead to Poor Quality Code.
ii) Evaluate whether the aspects of a Poorly constructed specification necessarily lead to Bad Software.i) Propose a method for understanding the architectural design of a complex systems by using CRC Cards.
ii) Elaborate the important criterions that can be considered for design reviews in Quality Assurance process.Observe in detail about Quality Assurance Process using the following i) Quality Assurance Techniques
ii) Verifying the Specifications Explain about the following: (i) CAN Bus (ii) I2C Bus
(iii) Ethernet (iv) Internet Evaluate in detail the concepts of Multiprocessor System-On-Chip (MPSoC) and shared memory multiprocessors are used in embedded applications
Discuss about the following (i) CRC cards
(ii)Quality Assurance techniques Develop the design methodologies and design flow used in embedded Systems.
Which kind of modulation is used in software modem?
State the features of FSK detection Scheme in MODE
What is the specification language give an example?
Mention the advantages of software implementations.
Evaluate the UML diagram for Data Compressor.
Define flush in data compressor.
Summarize the New symbol Table.
Outline the state diagram of encoding behaviour.
Examine the state diagram of insert behaviour.
Identify the advantages of Software modem?
Summarize the four cycle handshake signals.
Analyse the class diagram for alarm clock.
Sketch the Bayer pattern of color image.
Propose the architecture of digital still camera?
Illustrate the role of ADPCM scheme in Telephone answering machine with a neat
Elaborate the functions of digital camera.
Find out the need of block motion Estimation.
Examine release time.
Which compression technique is used for telephone answering machine? Why?
Describe about White balance.
Evaluate in detail the principle operation of software modem.
List the features of PDA and data compressor in detail.
Demonstrate in detail about Design Example of Alarm Clock?
Briefly Explain the working of audio player in detail.
Examine the following stages of video accelerator in detail. i)Theory of operations and requirements.
ii)Specification Describe the following design stages used in the working of telephone answering machine in detail. i)Theory of operations and requirements and Specification
ii)System Architecture iii)Component designing and testing & System integration and testing i) Describe the Working engine control unit with a diagram.
ii) Illustarte the working of video player.Analyze the working of video accelerator in detail. i)System Architecture
ii)Component designing and testing iii)System integration and testing Draw the state diagram of Recording and playback message behaviour. i)Theory of operations and requirements and Specifications.
ii)System Architecture iii) Component designing iv) testing v)System integration and testing Illustrate modern MP3players’ Encoder and Decoder layers of audio compression?
i) Explain Colour filter array arranged in a Bayer pattern.
ii)Define Bayer pattern interpretation or demosaicing.Elaborate Adaptive differential pulse code modulation compression method with coding format?
Write shorts notes on the following i)Data Compressor
ii)Software Modem (i)Identify the FOSS tools for embedded system development
(ii)Prepare the Hardware and Software Co design of Embedded System Develop the working of Engine control unit in detail. i)Theory of operations and requirements. ii)Specification iii)System Architecture
iv)Component designing and testing v)System integration and testing Summarize the sequence diagram of taking picture with digital still camera. i)Theory of operations and requirements. ii)Specification iii)System Architecture
iv)Component designing and testing v)System integration and testing Design data compressor using UML methodology. Analyze its design requirements and specifications with architectural design.
From design flow analysis to architectural design, illustrate video accelerator using UML methodology.

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